Text-to-speech (TTS) is a technology that converts written text into spoken words or audio output. It enables computers to synthesize natural-sounding speech from text input, allowing for more accessible communication and interaction with digital devices.
Text Analysis: Text-to-speech systems begin by analyzing the input text to identify
linguistic elements such as words, sentences, punctuation, and formatting. This analysis
helps determine the pronunciation, intonation, and other prosodic features of the
synthesized speech.
Phonetic Processing: The input text is converted into phonetic representations, which
represent the sequence of speech sounds (phonemes) corresponding to the words in the text.
Phonetic processing involves mapping written words to their phonetic transcriptions based on
pronunciation rules and linguistic context.
Linguistic Processing: Text-to-speech systems apply linguistic rules and models to interpret
the structure and meaning of the input text. This step includes tasks such as parsing
sentences, identifying parts of speech, and applying grammatical rules to generate fluent
and natural-sounding speech.
Acoustic Modeling: Acoustic models are used to synthesize speech sounds based on the
phonetic representations of the input text. These models capture the relationship between
linguistic features and acoustic properties of speech, such as pitch, duration, and timbre.
Acoustic models can be based on concatenative synthesis, formant synthesis, or statistical
parametric synthesis techniques.
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